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SKILL.md

name using-typescript-types
description Guides TypeScript type usage: type vs interface decision, avoiding any, and Zod runtime validation. Use when defining types, choosing type patterns, or validating external data. Triggers: "type vs interface", "any", "unknown", "Zod", "运行时验证", "类型".

TypeScript 类型规范

核心约定

规范 项目选择
默认类型定义 type(不用 interface
未知类型 unknown(禁止 any
字符串常量 联合类型(不用 enum
外部数据 Zod 验证(不用 as Type

Type vs Interface

默认用 type
│
├─ 需要声明合并(扩展第三方库)→ interface
├─ 类的契约(implements)→ interface
└─ 其他情况 → type

禁止 any

// ✗ any
function process(data: any) { }

// ✓ unknown + 类型守卫
function process(data: unknown) {
  if (typeof data === 'string') {
    console.log(data.toUpperCase())
  }
}

// 类型谓词
function isUser(v: unknown): v is User {
  return typeof v === 'object' && v !== null && 'id' in v
}

运行时验证 (Zod)

外部数据必须验证(API、表单、环境变量、配置文件):

import { z } from 'zod'

const UserSchema = z.object({
  id: z.string(),
  name: z.string(),
  email: z.string().email(),
})

type User = z.infer<typeof UserSchema>

// 验证 API 响应
const user = UserSchema.parse(await res.json())

详细 Zod 模式参见 references/zod-patterns.md