UV Python Workflow

Usage

This skill teaches you to use UV commands instead of traditional Python commands for all Python operations. UV is a fast, modern Python package manager written in Rust that's 10-100x faster than pip and provides better dependency resolution.

Key Principle: Always use UV commands instead of traditional Python commands, regardless of project location.

When to Use

Use this skill whenever:

• User wants to run Python scripts
• User asks to install Python packages
• User wants to run tests with pytest
• User needs to start Jupyter or other Python tools
• User is working with any Python project (in any directory)
• User mentions dependency management or virtual environments

Key indicators:

• Commands involving python, pip, pytest, jupyter
• Python package installation requests
• Virtual environment setup
• Running Python scripts or modules
• Any Python development task

Important: This skill works with projects in ANY location, not just specific directories. The UV workflow applies universally to all Python projects.

Core Command Mapping

When the user needs to run Python commands, translate them to UV:

Traditional Command	UV Command
python script.py	uv run python script.py
python -m module	uv run python -m module
pytest	uv run pytest
pytest tests/	uv run pytest tests/
jupyter lab	uv run jupyter lab
ipython	uv run ipython
black .	uv run black .
ruff check	uv run ruff check
mypy src/	uv run mypy src/
pip install requests	uv add requests
pip install -e .	uv sync
pip uninstall requests	uv remove requests

Essential UV Commands

Project Initialization

# Initialize UV in existing project (creates pyproject.toml)
uv init

# Initialize with specific Python version
uv init --python 3.11

Dependency Management

# Add runtime dependency
uv add requests

# Add multiple dependencies
uv add requests pandas numpy

# Add development dependency
uv add --dev pytest black ruff

# Add with version constraint
uv add "requests>=2.31.0"

# Remove dependency
uv remove requests

# Sync dependencies from pyproject.toml (creates/updates .venv)
uv sync

# Sync only production dependencies (no dev)
uv sync --no-dev

Running Code

# Run Python script
uv run python script.py

# Run Python module
uv run python -m mypackage

# Run with arguments
uv run python script.py --arg1 value --arg2 value

# Run tests
uv run pytest
uv run pytest tests/test_specific.py
uv run pytest -v --cov

# Run Jupyter
uv run jupyter lab
uv run jupyter notebook

# Run interactive Python
uv run ipython
uv run python

One-off Commands (without adding to dependencies)

# Run tool without installing permanently
uvx ruff check .
uvx black .
uvx mypy src/

# Run script with inline dependencies
uv run --with requests python script.py

Common Workflows

Scenario 1: User wants to run a Python script

# User says: "Run my script.py"
# You should use:
uv run python script.py

Scenario 2: User wants to install a package

# User says: "Install the requests library"
# You should use:
uv add requests

Scenario 3: User wants to run tests

# User says: "Run the tests"
# You should use:
uv run pytest

Scenario 4: User wants to start Jupyter

# User says: "Start Jupyter Lab"
# You should:
uv add --dev jupyter  # If not already added
uv run jupyter lab

Scenario 5: User has requirements.txt

# User says: "Install dependencies from requirements.txt"
# You should use:
cat requirements.txt | xargs -I {} uv add {}
# Or for dev dependencies:
cat requirements-dev.txt | xargs -I {} uv add --dev {}

Scenario 6: User wants to use a tool temporarily

# User says: "Format my code with black"
# You should use:
uvx black .
# Not: uv add black (unless they want it permanent)

Project Workflow

Starting with Existing Project

When user has an existing Python project:

# 1. Navigate to project
cd /path/to/existing/project

# 2. Initialize UV (if no pyproject.toml)
uv init

# 3. Add existing dependencies (if they have requirements.txt)
cat requirements.txt | xargs -I {} uv add {}

# 4. Or manually add dependencies
uv add package1 package2 package3

# 5. Run the project
uv run python main.py

Creating New Project

# 1. Create and navigate to directory
mkdir my-project
cd my-project

# 2. Initialize UV
uv init

# 3. Add dependencies
uv add requests pandas

# 4. Create script
cat > main.py << 'EOF'
import requests
print("Hello from UV!")
EOF

# 5. Run it
uv run python main.py

How UV Works

Virtual Environment

• UV automatically creates .venv/ in your project directory
• You don't need to manually activate the venv
• uv run automatically uses the project's .venv
• Dependencies are installed to .venv/

Dependency Resolution

• Dependencies are defined in pyproject.toml
• Lock file uv.lock ensures reproducible installs
• UV resolves dependencies faster than pip
• Handles version conflicts intelligently

Python Version Management

# List available Python versions
uv python list

# Install specific Python version
uv python install 3.11

# Pin Python version for project
uv python pin 3.11

Important Rules

1. Always prefer uv run over plain commands when executing Python code
2. Always use uv add over pip install when installing dependencies
3. Work with projects in place - don't require migration to specific directory
4. Create pyproject.toml if missing using uv init
5. Use uvx for one-off tools (formatters, linters) unless user wants them permanent
6. Check for existing pyproject.toml before running uv init
7. Use uv sync after manually editing pyproject.toml

pyproject.toml Structure

After uv init, the file looks like:

[project]
name = "my-project"
version = "0.1.0"
description = "Add your description here"
requires-python = ">=3.11"
dependencies = []

[tool.uv]
dev-dependencies = []

When you add dependencies with uv add requests:

[project]
name = "my-project"
version = "0.1.0"
description = "Add your description here"
requires-python = ">=3.11"
dependencies = [
    "requests>=2.31.0",
]

[tool.uv]
dev-dependencies = []

Troubleshooting

"Command not found: uv"

UV is not installed. Install with:

curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

"No pyproject.toml found"

Initialize UV in the project:

uv init

"Module not found" errors

Sync dependencies:

uv sync

Dependencies not updating

Remove lock file and resync:

rm uv.lock
uv sync

Want to see what's installed

uv tree  # Show dependency tree
uv pip list  # List installed packages

When NOT to Use UV

• User explicitly asks for virtual environment activation
• User is working in a specific activated environment already
• User explicitly uses pip or conda in their question
• System-level Python operations

In these cases, respect the user's explicit choices.

Quick Reference

# Setup
uv init                          # Initialize project
uv add <package>                 # Add dependency
uv sync                          # Install dependencies

# Run
uv run python script.py          # Run script
uv run pytest                    # Run tests
uv run jupyter lab               # Start Jupyter

# Temporary tools
uvx black .                      # Run without installing
uvx ruff check .                 # Run linter

# Info
uv tree                          # Show dependencies
uv pip list                      # List packages

Examples

User: "Run my data_processor.py script" Agent: Execute uv run python data_processor.py to run the script using the project's UV-managed environment.

User: "I need pandas and numpy for my analysis" Agent: Run uv add pandas numpy to add both packages as project dependencies. UV will update pyproject.toml and install the packages to the local .venv.

User: "Run the test suite" Agent: Execute uv run pytest to run tests using the UV-managed environment. Add flags as needed: uv run pytest -v --cov for verbose output with coverage.

User: "Open Jupyter Lab" Agent: First check if jupyter is in dependencies. If not, run uv add --dev jupyter to add it as a dev dependency. Then execute uv run jupyter lab to start Jupyter.

User: "I have a project with a requirements.txt, set it up with UV" Agent: Navigate to the project directory. Run uv init if no pyproject.toml exists. Then migrate dependencies with cat requirements.txt | xargs -I {} uv add {}. The project is now UV-managed with all dependencies tracked in pyproject.toml.

Integration with Codex Workflows

This skill integrates seamlessly with other Codex skills:

• time-awareness: For time-based scheduling and deadlines
• document-parser: For processing Python documentation

Key Principle: This skill provides universal UV workflow for any Python project in any location.

Verification Checklist

Before completing a Python task, verify:

• Used uv run for Python script execution (not plain python)
• Used uv add for package installation (not pip install)
• Checked for existing pyproject.toml before running uv init
• Used uvx for one-off tools (not permanent installation)
• Ran uv sync if manually editing pyproject.toml

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Remember: UV is the modern Python workflow. Always use uv run, uv add, and uvx instead of traditional commands. Works with any Python project in any location.