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queue-worker

@naqeebali-shamsi/IntelliFill
1
0

Bull queue setup, worker processes, job lifecycle, error handling, retries, progress reporting, Redis connection management, and queue patterns for OCR and knowledge processing

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SKILL.md

name queue-worker
description Bull queue setup, worker processes, job lifecycle, error handling, retries, progress reporting, Redis connection management, and queue patterns for OCR and knowledge processing
version 1.0.0
lastUpdated Fri Dec 12 2025 00:00:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)

Queue Worker Skill - IntelliFill

This skill covers Bull queue implementation patterns, worker processes, job lifecycle management, error handling, retries, progress reporting, and Redis connection management in the IntelliFill project.

Table of Contents

  1. Overview
  2. Queue Architecture
  3. Bull Queue Setup
  4. Worker Process Patterns
  5. Job Lifecycle Management
  6. Error Handling and Retries
  7. Progress Reporting
  8. Redis Connection Management
  9. OCR Processing Queue
  10. Knowledge Processing Queue
  11. Document Processing Queue
  12. Queue Health Monitoring
  13. Graceful Shutdown
  14. Best Practices
  15. Testing Queues
  16. Troubleshooting

Overview

IntelliFill uses Bull (a Redis-based queue system) for asynchronous job processing. The project has three main queue types:

  1. Knowledge Processing Queue (knowledgeQueue) - Document extraction, chunking, embedding, and vector storage
  2. OCR Processing Queue (ocrQueue) - OCR text extraction from scanned documents
  3. Document Processing Queue (documentQueue) - General document parsing and data extraction

Key Files

quikadmin/src/
├── queues/
│   ├── knowledgeQueue.ts      # Knowledge base document processing
│   ├── ocrQueue.ts            # OCR processing for scanned PDFs
│   └── documentQueue.ts       # General document processing
├── workers/
│   ├── knowledgeProcessor.ts  # Knowledge processing worker
│   └── queue-processor.ts     # Generic queue processor wrapper
└── config/
    └── index.ts               # Redis configuration

Queue Architecture

Queue vs Worker Separation

Queues (in src/queues/) define:

  • Job data types
  • Job submission functions
  • Event handlers
  • Progress reporting utilities
  • Queue configuration

Workers (in src/workers/) define:

  • Job processing logic
  • Service initialization
  • Error handling
  • Result generation

Queue Types Comparison

Feature Knowledge Queue OCR Queue Document Queue
Purpose Vector search knowledge base OCR text extraction Form data extraction
Timeout 10 minutes 10 minutes Default (30s)
Retries 3 (exponential backoff) 3 (exponential backoff) 3 (exponential backoff)
Concurrency 2 jobs 1 job (default) 1 job (default)
Checkpointing Yes (Postgres) No No
Progress Stages 5 (extraction, chunking, embedding, storage, complete) 3 (processing, extraction, complete) 4 (parse, extract, map, complete)

Bull Queue Setup

Basic Queue Configuration

import Bull, { Queue, JobOptions } from 'bull';
import { logger } from '../utils/logger';
import { config } from '../config';

// Define job data type
export interface MyJob {
  id: string;
  userId: string;
  data: any;
  options?: {
    priority?: 'high' | 'normal' | 'low';
  };
}

// Redis configuration
const redisConfig = {
  host: config.redis.host,
  port: config.redis.port,
  password: config.redis.password,
  maxRetriesPerRequest: 3,
};

// Create queue
export const myQueue: Queue<MyJob> = new Bull<MyJob>(
  'my-queue-name',
  {
    redis: redisConfig,
    defaultJobOptions: {
      removeOnComplete: 100,    // Keep last 100 completed jobs
      removeOnFail: 50,         // Keep last 50 failed jobs
      attempts: 3,              // Retry up to 3 times
      timeout: 300000,          // 5 minute timeout
      backoff: {
        type: 'exponential',
        delay: 5000,            // Start with 5s delay
      },
    },
    settings: {
      stalledInterval: 60000,   // Check for stalled jobs every minute
      maxStalledCount: 2,       // Jobs can be stalled twice before failing
      lockDuration: 300000,     // Lock jobs for 5 minutes
      lockRenewTime: 150000,    // Renew lock every 2.5 minutes
    },
    limiter: {
      max: 2,                   // Max 2 concurrent jobs
      duration: 1000,           // Per second
    },
  }
);

Queue Event Handlers

// Error handling
myQueue.on('error', (error) => {
  logger.error('Queue error', { error: error.message });
});

// Job lifecycle events
myQueue.on('waiting', (jobId) => {
  logger.debug('Job waiting', { jobId });
});

myQueue.on('active', (job) => {
  logger.info('Job started', {
    jobId: job.id,
    type: job.data.type,
    userId: job.data.userId,
  });
});

myQueue.on('completed', (job, result) => {
  logger.info('Job completed', {
    jobId: job.id,
    processingTimeMs: result.processingTimeMs,
    success: result.success,
  });
});

myQueue.on('failed', (job, error) => {
  logger.error('Job failed', {
    jobId: job.id,
    error: error.message,
    attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
  });
});

myQueue.on('stalled', (job) => {
  logger.warn('Job stalled', {
    jobId: job.id,
    type: job.data.type,
  });
});

myQueue.on('progress', (job, progress) => {
  logger.debug('Job progress', {
    jobId: job.id,
    percentage: progress.percentage,
    stage: progress.stage,
  });
});

Priority-Based Job Submission

const PRIORITY_MAP: Record<string, number> = {
  high: 1,    // Lower number = higher priority
  normal: 5,
  low: 10,
};

export async function addJob(
  data: Omit<MyJob, 'type'>,
  options?: Partial<JobOptions>
): Promise<Job<MyJob>> {
  const jobData: MyJob = {
    ...data,
    type: 'process',
  };

  const jobOptions: JobOptions = {
    priority: PRIORITY_MAP[data.priority || 'normal'],
    ...options,
  };

  const job = await myQueue.add(jobData, jobOptions);

  logger.info('Job queued', {
    jobId: job.id,
    userId: data.userId,
    priority: data.priority || 'normal',
  });

  return job;
}

Worker Process Patterns

Basic Worker Setup

import { Job } from 'bull';
import { myQueue, MyJob } from '../queues/myQueue';

// Define result type
interface JobResult {
  success: boolean;
  data: any;
  processingTimeMs: number;
  error?: string;
}

// Main processor function
async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  const startTime = Date.now();

  try {
    logger.info('Processing job', { jobId: job.id });

    // Update progress
    await job.progress({ percentage: 10, stage: 'starting' });

    // Do work here
    const result = await doWork(job.data);

    await job.progress({ percentage: 100, stage: 'complete' });

    return {
      success: true,
      data: result,
      processingTimeMs: Date.now() - startTime,
    };
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error('Job failed', { jobId: job.id, error });
    throw error;
  }
}

// Register processor with concurrency
export function startWorker(): void {
  const CONCURRENCY = 2; // Process 2 jobs at once

  logger.info('Starting worker', { concurrency: CONCURRENCY });

  myQueue.process(CONCURRENCY, processJob);

  logger.info('Worker started');
}

// Graceful shutdown
export async function stopWorker(): Promise<void> {
  logger.info('Stopping worker...');
  await myQueue.close();
  logger.info('Worker stopped');
}

Dependency Injection Pattern

// Define dependencies interface
interface WorkerDependencies {
  service1: Service1;
  service2: Service2;
  database: DatabaseClient;
}

let dependencies: WorkerDependencies | null = null;

// Initialize dependencies once
async function initializeDependencies(): Promise<WorkerDependencies> {
  if (dependencies) {
    return dependencies;
  }

  logger.info('Initializing worker dependencies...');

  dependencies = {
    service1: new Service1(),
    service2: new Service2(),
    database: await createDatabaseClient(),
  };

  logger.info('Worker dependencies initialized');
  return dependencies;
}

// Use in processor
async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  const deps = await initializeDependencies();

  // Use deps.service1, deps.service2, etc.
  const result = await deps.service1.process(job.data);

  return {
    success: true,
    data: result,
    processingTimeMs: 0,
  };
}

Standalone Worker Script

// src/workers/myWorker.ts

import { startWorker, stopWorker } from './myProcessor';

// Check if running as standalone script
if (require.main === module) {
  (async () => {
    try {
      await startWorker();

      logger.info('Worker running. Press Ctrl+C to stop.');

      // Graceful shutdown handlers
      process.on('SIGINT', async () => {
        logger.info('Received SIGINT, shutting down...');
        await stopWorker();
        process.exit(0);
      });

      process.on('SIGTERM', async () => {
        logger.info('Received SIGTERM, shutting down...');
        await stopWorker();
        process.exit(0);
      });
    } catch (error) {
      logger.error('Failed to start worker', { error });
      process.exit(1);
    }
  })();
}

export default { startWorker, stopWorker };

Run standalone worker:

# Development
npx ts-node src/workers/myWorker.ts

# Production
node dist/workers/myWorker.js

Job Lifecycle Management

Job States

Bull jobs progress through these states:

  1. waiting - Job queued, waiting to be processed
  2. active - Job is currently being processed
  3. completed - Job finished successfully
  4. failed - Job failed after all retry attempts
  5. delayed - Job scheduled for future processing
  6. paused - Queue paused, job not processing

Job Status Tracking

export async function getJobStatus(
  jobId: string
): Promise<{
  id: string;
  status: string;
  progress: any;
  attemptsMade: number;
  processedOn?: Date;
  finishedOn?: Date;
  failedReason?: string;
} | null> {
  const job = await myQueue.getJob(jobId);

  if (!job) {
    return null;
  }

  const state = await job.getState();

  return {
    id: String(job.id),
    status: state,
    progress: job.progress(),
    attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
    processedOn: job.processedOn ? new Date(job.processedOn) : undefined,
    finishedOn: job.finishedOn ? new Date(job.finishedOn) : undefined,
    failedReason: job.failedReason,
  };
}

Job Cancellation

export async function cancelJob(jobId: string): Promise<boolean> {
  const job = await myQueue.getJob(jobId);

  if (!job) {
    return false;
  }

  const state = await job.getState();

  if (state === 'active') {
    // Cannot cancel active jobs
    logger.warn('Cannot cancel active job', { jobId });
    return false;
  }

  await job.remove();
  logger.info('Job cancelled', { jobId });
  return true;
}

Job Retry

export async function retryJob(jobId: string): Promise<boolean> {
  const job = await myQueue.getJob(jobId);

  if (!job) {
    return false;
  }

  const state = await job.getState();

  if (state !== 'failed') {
    logger.warn('Cannot retry non-failed job', { jobId, state });
    return false;
  }

  await job.retry();
  logger.info('Job retried', { jobId });
  return true;
}

Get Jobs by Organization

export async function getOrganizationJobs(
  organizationId: string,
  status?: 'waiting' | 'active' | 'completed' | 'failed'
): Promise<Job<MyJob>[]> {
  let jobs: Job<MyJob>[];

  switch (status) {
    case 'waiting':
      jobs = await myQueue.getWaiting();
      break;
    case 'active':
      jobs = await myQueue.getActive();
      break;
    case 'completed':
      jobs = await myQueue.getCompleted(0, 50); // Last 50
      break;
    case 'failed':
      jobs = await myQueue.getFailed(0, 50); // Last 50
      break;
    default:
      const [waiting, active] = await Promise.all([
        myQueue.getWaiting(),
        myQueue.getActive(),
      ]);
      jobs = [...waiting, ...active];
  }

  // Filter by organization
  return jobs.filter((job) => job.data.organizationId === organizationId);
}

Error Handling and Retries

Exponential Backoff Configuration

export const myQueue = new Bull<MyJob>('my-queue', {
  redis: redisConfig,
  defaultJobOptions: {
    attempts: 3,
    backoff: {
      type: 'exponential',
      delay: 5000, // First retry after 5s, then 25s, then 125s
    },
  },
});

Custom Retry Logic

async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  try {
    // Attempt processing
    const result = await doWork(job.data);
    return { success: true, data: result };
  } catch (error) {
    const isRetryable = error instanceof RetryableError;
    const hasRetriesLeft = job.attemptsMade < job.opts.attempts!;

    if (isRetryable && hasRetriesLeft) {
      logger.warn('Retryable error, will retry', {
        jobId: job.id,
        attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
        attemptsTotal: job.opts.attempts,
        error: error.message,
      });
      throw error; // Throw to trigger Bull's retry mechanism
    } else {
      logger.error('Non-retryable error or max retries reached', {
        jobId: job.id,
        error: error.message,
      });

      // Update database status to permanent failure
      await updateJobStatus(job.data.id, 'failed', error.message);

      throw error; // Still throw to mark job as failed
    }
  }
}

Retry Strategy by Error Type

class RetryableError extends Error {
  constructor(message: string) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'RetryableError';
  }
}

class PermanentError extends Error {
  constructor(message: string) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'PermanentError';
  }
}

async function processWithErrorHandling(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  try {
    return await doWork(job.data);
  } catch (error) {
    // Network errors - retry
    if (error instanceof NetworkError) {
      throw new RetryableError(`Network error: ${error.message}`);
    }

    // Rate limit - retry with longer delay
    if (error instanceof RateLimitError) {
      await job.moveToDelayed(Date.now() + 60000); // Delay 1 minute
      throw new RetryableError(`Rate limited: ${error.message}`);
    }

    // Validation errors - don't retry
    if (error instanceof ValidationError) {
      throw new PermanentError(`Validation failed: ${error.message}`);
    }

    // Unknown errors - retry
    throw new RetryableError(`Unknown error: ${error.message}`);
  }
}

Job Failure Handling

myQueue.on('failed', async (job, error) => {
  logger.error('Job failed', {
    jobId: job.id,
    attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
    attemptsTotal: job.opts.attempts,
    error: error.message,
  });

  // Check if all retries exhausted
  if (job.attemptsMade >= job.opts.attempts!) {
    logger.error('Job failed after all retries', { jobId: job.id });

    // Update database to reflect permanent failure
    await prisma.document.update({
      where: { id: job.data.documentId },
      data: {
        status: 'FAILED',
        errorMessage: error.message,
      },
    });

    // Send notification to user
    await sendFailureNotification(job.data.userId, job.data.documentId);
  }
});

Progress Reporting

Basic Progress Updates

async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  // Stage 1: Initialization
  await job.progress({ percentage: 10, stage: 'initializing' });
  await initialize();

  // Stage 2: Processing
  await job.progress({ percentage: 50, stage: 'processing' });
  const result = await process(job.data);

  // Stage 3: Complete
  await job.progress({ percentage: 100, stage: 'complete' });

  return { success: true, data: result };
}

Structured Progress Interface

export interface JobProgress {
  stage: 'extraction' | 'chunking' | 'embedding' | 'storage' | 'complete' | 'failed';
  percentage: number;
  currentStep: string;
  details?: {
    itemsProcessed?: number;
    totalItems?: number;
    errorMessage?: string;
  };
}

export async function reportProgress(
  job: Job<MyJob>,
  progress: JobProgress
): Promise<void> {
  await job.progress(progress);

  logger.debug('Job progress updated', {
    jobId: job.id,
    stage: progress.stage,
    percentage: progress.percentage,
    currentStep: progress.currentStep,
  });
}

Progress Reporter Helper

export function createProgressReporter(job: Job<MyJob>) {
  return {
    async extraction(percentage: number, processed: number, total: number) {
      return reportProgress(job, {
        stage: 'extraction',
        percentage: Math.min(25, percentage * 0.25),
        currentStep: `Extracting: ${processed}/${total}`,
        details: { itemsProcessed: processed, totalItems: total },
      });
    },

    async processing(percentage: number, processed: number, total: number) {
      return reportProgress(job, {
        stage: 'processing',
        percentage: 25 + Math.min(50, percentage * 0.5),
        currentStep: `Processing: ${processed}/${total}`,
        details: { itemsProcessed: processed, totalItems: total },
      });
    },

    async complete(stats: any) {
      return reportProgress(job, {
        stage: 'complete',
        percentage: 100,
        currentStep: 'Processing complete',
        details: stats,
      });
    },

    async failed(errorMessage: string) {
      return reportProgress(job, {
        stage: 'failed',
        percentage: job.progress()?.percentage || 0,
        currentStep: 'Processing failed',
        details: { errorMessage },
      });
    },
  };
}

// Usage
async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  const reporter = createProgressReporter(job);

  try {
    await reporter.extraction(0, 0, 10);
    // Do extraction...
    await reporter.extraction(100, 10, 10);

    await reporter.processing(0, 0, 100);
    // Do processing...
    await reporter.processing(100, 100, 100);

    await reporter.complete({ itemsProcessed: 100 });

    return { success: true };
  } catch (error) {
    await reporter.failed(error.message);
    throw error;
  }
}

Real-time Progress Streaming

// API endpoint to stream progress
import { EventEmitter } from 'events';

const progressEmitter = new EventEmitter();

// Worker emits progress events
myQueue.on('progress', (job, progress) => {
  progressEmitter.emit(`job:${job.id}:progress`, progress);
});

// API endpoint
app.get('/api/jobs/:id/progress', async (req, res) => {
  const { id } = req.params;

  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/event-stream');
  res.setHeader('Cache-Control', 'no-cache');
  res.setHeader('Connection', 'keep-alive');

  const listener = (progress: JobProgress) => {
    res.write(`data: ${JSON.stringify(progress)}\n\n`);
  };

  progressEmitter.on(`job:${id}:progress`, listener);

  req.on('close', () => {
    progressEmitter.off(`job:${id}:progress`, listener);
  });
});

Redis Connection Management

Redis Configuration from Environment

// src/config/index.ts
export interface RedisConfig {
  url: string;
  host: string;
  port: number;
  password?: string;
  maxMemory: string;
  sentinel: {
    enabled: boolean;
    hosts?: string[];
    masterName?: string;
  };
}

export const config = {
  redis: {
    url: process.env.REDIS_URL || 'redis://localhost:6379',
    host: process.env.REDIS_HOST || 'localhost',
    port: parseInt(process.env.REDIS_PORT || '6379'),
    password: process.env.REDIS_PASSWORD,
    maxMemory: process.env.REDIS_MAX_MEMORY || '256mb',
    sentinel: {
      enabled: process.env.REDIS_SENTINEL_ENABLED === 'true',
      hosts: process.env.REDIS_SENTINEL_HOSTS?.split(','),
      masterName: process.env.REDIS_SENTINEL_MASTER_NAME,
    },
  },
};

Standard Redis Connection

import { config } from '../config';

const redisConfig = {
  host: config.redis.host,
  port: config.redis.port,
  password: config.redis.password,
  maxRetriesPerRequest: 3,
  enableReadyCheck: true,
  connectTimeout: 10000,
};

export const myQueue = new Bull('my-queue', {
  redis: redisConfig,
});

Redis Sentinel Configuration

import { config } from '../config';

const redisConfig = config.redis.sentinel.enabled
  ? {
      sentinels: config.redis.sentinel.hosts?.map((host) => {
        const [hostname, port] = host.split(':');
        return { host: hostname, port: parseInt(port || '26379') };
      }),
      name: config.redis.sentinel.masterName,
      password: config.redis.password,
    }
  : {
      host: config.redis.host,
      port: config.redis.port,
      password: config.redis.password,
    };

export const myQueue = new Bull('my-queue', {
  redis: redisConfig,
});

Connection Error Handling

const redisConfig = {
  host: config.redis.host,
  port: config.redis.port,
  password: config.redis.password,
  maxRetriesPerRequest: 3,
  retryStrategy: (times: number) => {
    const delay = Math.min(times * 1000, 30000); // Max 30s
    logger.warn(`Redis reconnection attempt ${times}, delay: ${delay}ms`);

    if (times > 10) {
      logger.error('Redis max reconnection attempts reached');
      return new Error('Redis reconnection failed');
    }

    return delay;
  },
  reconnectOnError: (err: Error) => {
    logger.warn('Redis connection error, attempting reconnect', { error: err.message });
    return true; // Always try to reconnect
  },
};

export const myQueue = new Bull('my-queue', {
  redis: redisConfig,
});

// Monitor Redis connection
myQueue.on('error', (error) => {
  logger.error('Queue error (likely Redis)', { error: error.message });
});

In-Memory Fallback Pattern

Some services (like rate limiting) support fallback to in-memory when Redis is unavailable:

import { createClient } from 'redis';
import { logger } from '../utils/logger';

let redisClient: any = null;
let useMemoryFallback = false;

try {
  redisClient = createClient({
    host: config.redis.host,
    port: config.redis.port,
    password: config.redis.password,
    retryStrategy: (times: number) => {
      if (times > 5) {
        logger.warn('Redis unavailable, falling back to in-memory storage');
        useMemoryFallback = true;
        return undefined; // Stop retrying
      }
      return Math.min(times * 1000, 5000);
    },
  });

  await redisClient.connect();
  logger.info('Redis connected for rate limiting');
} catch (error) {
  logger.warn('Redis connection failed, using in-memory fallback', { error });
  useMemoryFallback = true;
}

// Use in-memory Map if Redis unavailable
const memoryStore = new Map<string, number>();

export async function incrementKey(key: string): Promise<number> {
  if (useMemoryFallback) {
    const current = memoryStore.get(key) || 0;
    const next = current + 1;
    memoryStore.set(key, next);
    return next;
  } else {
    return await redisClient.incr(key);
  }
}

OCR Processing Queue

OCR Queue Configuration

// quikadmin/src/queues/ocrQueue.ts

export interface OCRProcessingJob {
  documentId: string;
  userId: string;
  filePath: string;
  isReprocessing?: boolean;
  reprocessReason?: string;
  options?: {
    language?: string;
    dpi?: number;
    enhancedPreprocessing?: boolean;
  };
}

export const ocrQueue = new Bull<OCRProcessingJob>('ocr-processing', {
  redis: redisConfig,
  defaultJobOptions: {
    removeOnComplete: 100,
    removeOnFail: 50,
    attempts: 3,
    backoff: {
      type: 'exponential',
      delay: 3000, // 3s, 9s, 27s
    },
    timeout: 600000, // 10 minute timeout
  },
});

Enqueuing OCR Jobs

export async function enqueueDocumentForOCR(
  documentId: string,
  userId: string,
  filePath: string,
  forceOCR: boolean = false
): Promise<Bull.Job<OCRProcessingJob> | null> {
  try {
    // Check if PDF needs OCR
    if (!forceOCR) {
      const detectionService = new DocumentDetectionService();
      const isScanned = await detectionService.isScannedPDF(filePath);

      if (!isScanned) {
        logger.info(`Document ${documentId} is text-based, skipping OCR`);
        return null; // No OCR needed
      }
    }

    logger.info(`Enqueueing document ${documentId} for OCR processing`);

    const job = await ocrQueue.add({
      documentId,
      userId,
      filePath,
      options: {},
    });

    return job;
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error(`Failed to enqueue document ${documentId} for OCR:`, error);
    throw error;
  }
}

OCR Job Processing

ocrQueue.process(async (job) => {
  const { documentId, filePath, options } = job.data;
  const startTime = Date.now();

  try {
    // Update document status
    await prisma.document.update({
      where: { id: documentId },
      data: { status: 'PROCESSING' },
    });

    await job.progress(5);

    // Initialize OCR service
    const ocrService = new OCRService();
    await ocrService.initialize();
    await job.progress(10);

    // Process PDF with OCR and track progress
    const ocrResult = await ocrService.processPDF(filePath, (progress) => {
      // Map OCR progress (0-100) to job progress (10-90)
      const progressPercent = 10 + (progress.progress * 0.8);
      job.progress(progressPercent);
    });

    await job.progress(90);

    // Extract structured data
    const structuredData = await ocrService.extractStructuredData(ocrResult.text);
    await job.progress(95);

    // Update document with results
    await prisma.document.update({
      where: { id: documentId },
      data: {
        status: 'COMPLETED',
        extractedText: ocrResult.text,
        extractedData: {
          ...structuredData,
          ocrMetadata: ocrResult.metadata,
        },
        confidence: ocrResult.confidence / 100,
        processedAt: new Date(),
      },
    });

    await ocrService.cleanup();
    await job.progress(100);

    const processingTime = Date.now() - startTime;

    return {
      documentId,
      status: 'completed',
      confidence: ocrResult.confidence,
      pageCount: ocrResult.metadata.pageCount,
      processingTime,
    };
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error(`OCR processing failed for document ${documentId}:`, error);

    await prisma.document.update({
      where: { id: documentId },
      data: {
        status: 'FAILED',
        extractedText: `OCR Error: ${error.message}`,
      },
    });

    throw error;
  }
});

OCR Reprocessing

export async function enqueueDocumentForReprocessing(
  documentId: string,
  userId: string,
  filePath: string,
  reason?: string
): Promise<Bull.Job<OCRProcessingJob>> {
  const document = await prisma.document.findUnique({
    where: { id: documentId },
    select: { reprocessCount: true },
  });

  if (document && document.reprocessCount >= 3) {
    throw new Error('Maximum reprocessing attempts (3) reached');
  }

  logger.info('Enqueueing document for reprocessing', {
    documentId,
    attempt: (document?.reprocessCount || 0) + 1,
  });

  const job = await ocrQueue.add(
    {
      documentId,
      userId,
      filePath,
      isReprocessing: true,
      reprocessReason: reason,
      options: {
        dpi: 600, // Higher DPI for reprocessing
        enhancedPreprocessing: true,
      },
    },
    {
      priority: 1, // High priority
      timeout: 600000,
    }
  );

  return job;
}

Knowledge Processing Queue

Knowledge Queue Types

// quikadmin/src/queues/knowledgeQueue.ts

export type KnowledgeJobType =
  | 'processDocument'
  | 'generateEmbeddings'
  | 'reprocessChunks';

export interface ProcessDocumentJob {
  type: 'processDocument';
  sourceId: string;
  organizationId: string;
  userId: string;
  filePath: string;
  filename: string;
  mimeType: string;
  fileSize: number;
  options?: {
    chunkingStrategy?: 'semantic' | 'fixed' | 'hybrid';
    targetChunkSize?: number;
    ocrEnabled?: boolean;
    language?: string;
    skipEmbeddings?: boolean;
  };
}

export interface JobProgress {
  stage: 'extraction' | 'chunking' | 'embedding' | 'storage' | 'complete' | 'failed';
  percentage: number;
  currentStep: string;
  details?: {
    pagesProcessed?: number;
    totalPages?: number;
    chunksProcessed?: number;
    totalChunks?: number;
    embeddingsGenerated?: number;
    chunksStored?: number;
    errorMessage?: string;
  };
}

Knowledge Queue Configuration

const QUEUE_NAME = 'knowledge-processing';
const DEFAULT_JOB_TIMEOUT = 10 * 60 * 1000; // 10 minutes
const MAX_CONCURRENT_JOBS = 2;

export const knowledgeQueue: Queue<KnowledgeJob> = new Bull<KnowledgeJob>(
  QUEUE_NAME,
  {
    redis: redisConfig,
    defaultJobOptions: {
      removeOnComplete: 100,
      removeOnFail: 50,
      attempts: 3,
      timeout: DEFAULT_JOB_TIMEOUT,
      backoff: {
        type: 'exponential',
        delay: 5000,
      },
    },
    settings: {
      stalledInterval: 60000,
      maxStalledCount: 2,
      lockDuration: 300000,
      lockRenewTime: 150000,
    },
    limiter: {
      max: MAX_CONCURRENT_JOBS,
      duration: 1000,
    },
  }
);

Adding Knowledge Jobs

export async function addProcessDocumentJob(
  data: Omit<ProcessDocumentJob, 'type'>,
  options?: Partial<JobOptions>
): Promise<Job<ProcessDocumentJob>> {
  const PRIORITY_MAP = { high: 1, normal: 5, low: 10 };

  const jobData: ProcessDocumentJob = {
    ...data,
    type: 'processDocument',
  };

  const jobOptions: JobOptions = {
    priority: PRIORITY_MAP[data.priority || 'normal'],
    ...options,
  };

  const job = await knowledgeQueue.add(jobData, jobOptions);

  logger.info('Document processing job queued', {
    jobId: job.id,
    sourceId: data.sourceId,
    filename: data.filename,
  });

  return job as Job<ProcessDocumentJob>;
}

Knowledge Processing Worker

// quikadmin/src/workers/knowledgeProcessor.ts

const PAGE_BATCH_SIZE = 5;       // Process 5 pages at a time
const EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE = 50;  // Generate 50 embeddings at once
const STORAGE_BATCH_SIZE = 100;   // Store 100 chunks at once

async function processDocumentJob(
  job: Job<ProcessDocumentJob>,
  deps: ProcessorDependencies
): Promise<KnowledgeJobResult> {
  const { sourceId, filePath, filename, options = {} } = job.data;
  const reporter = createProgressReporter(job);

  // Update source status
  await updateSourceStatus(sourceId, 'processing');

  // Check for checkpoint (resume from failure)
  const checkpoint = await getCheckpoint(sourceId);

  try {
    // =============================================
    // Stage 1: Text Extraction
    // =============================================
    let extractionResult;

    if (checkpoint?.extractedText) {
      logger.info('Resuming from extraction checkpoint', { sourceId });
      extractionResult = JSON.parse(checkpoint.extractedText);
    } else {
      await reporter.extraction(0, 0, 1);

      extractionResult = await deps.extractionService.extractFromFile(filePath, {
        mimeType: options.mimeType,
        ocrEnabled: options.ocrEnabled ?? true,
        language: options.language,
      });

      await reporter.extraction(100, extractionResult.metadata.pageCount, extractionResult.metadata.pageCount);

      // Save checkpoint
      await saveCheckpoint({
        sourceId,
        stage: 'extraction',
        extractedText: JSON.stringify(extractionResult),
        startedAt: new Date(),
      });
    }

    // =============================================
    // Stage 2: Chunking
    // =============================================
    let chunks: DocumentChunk[];

    if (checkpoint?.chunksJson) {
      chunks = JSON.parse(checkpoint.chunksJson);
    } else {
      await reporter.chunking(0, 0);

      const documentType = detectDocumentType(filename);
      const chunkingResult = deps.chunkingService.chunkDocument(
        extractionResult,
        documentType
      );
      chunks = chunkingResult.chunks;

      await reporter.chunking(100, chunks.length);

      await saveCheckpoint({
        sourceId,
        stage: 'chunking',
        chunksJson: JSON.stringify(chunks),
        totalChunks: chunks.length,
      });
    }

    // =============================================
    // Stage 3: Embedding Generation
    // =============================================
    const startChunkIndex = checkpoint?.lastCompletedChunkIndex || 0;
    const chunksWithEmbeddings: ChunkWithEmbedding[] = [];
    let embeddingsGenerated = 0;

    for (let i = startChunkIndex; i < chunks.length; i += EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE) {
      // Check memory before each batch
      await deps.memoryManager.checkMemory();

      const batchChunks = chunks.slice(i, i + EMBEDDING_BATCH_SIZE);
      const batchTexts = batchChunks.map((c) => c.text);

      if (!options.skipEmbeddings) {
        const batchResult = await deps.embeddingService.generateBatch(
          batchTexts,
          job.data.organizationId
        );

        for (let j = 0; j < batchChunks.length; j++) {
          if (batchResult.embeddings[j]) {
            chunksWithEmbeddings.push({
              ...batchChunks[j],
              embedding: batchResult.embeddings[j],
            });
            embeddingsGenerated++;
          }
        }
      }

      await reporter.embedding(
        ((i + batchChunks.length) / chunks.length) * 100,
        embeddingsGenerated,
        chunks.length
      );

      // Update checkpoint after each batch
      await saveCheckpoint({
        sourceId,
        stage: 'embedding',
        lastCompletedChunkIndex: i + batchChunks.length,
      });

      // Allow GC between batches
      await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
    }

    // =============================================
    // Stage 4: Vector Storage
    // =============================================
    let chunksStored = 0;
    let duplicatesSkipped = 0;

    for (let i = 0; i < chunksWithEmbeddings.length; i += STORAGE_BATCH_SIZE) {
      const batchChunks = chunksWithEmbeddings.slice(i, i + STORAGE_BATCH_SIZE);

      for (const chunk of batchChunks) {
        // Check for duplicates
        const isDuplicate = await deps.vectorStorage.checkDuplicate(
          chunk.textHash,
          sourceId,
          job.data.organizationId
        );

        if (isDuplicate) {
          duplicatesSkipped++;
          continue;
        }

        await deps.vectorStorage.insertChunk({
          sourceId,
          organizationId: job.data.organizationId,
          text: chunk.text,
          tokenCount: chunk.tokenCount,
          chunkIndex: chunk.chunkIndex,
          embedding: chunk.embedding,
        });

        chunksStored++;
      }

      await reporter.storage(
        ((i + batchChunks.length) / chunksWithEmbeddings.length) * 100,
        chunksStored,
        chunksWithEmbeddings.length
      );
    }

    // =============================================
    // Completion
    // =============================================
    const stats = {
      pagesProcessed: extractionResult.metadata.pageCount,
      chunksCreated: chunks.length,
      embeddingsGenerated,
      chunksStored,
      duplicatesSkipped,
    };

    await reporter.complete(stats);
    await updateSourceStatus(sourceId, 'completed', { chunkCount: chunksStored });
    await deleteCheckpoint(sourceId);

    return {
      success: true,
      sourceId,
      organizationId: job.data.organizationId,
      processingTimeMs: 0,
      stats,
    };
  } catch (error) {
    await updateSourceStatus(sourceId, 'error', {
      errorMessage: error.message,
    });
    throw error;
  }
}

Checkpointing for Resume

export interface ProcessingCheckpoint {
  sourceId: string;
  stage: JobProgress['stage'];
  lastCompletedChunkIndex: number;
  totalChunks: number;
  extractedText?: string;
  chunksJson?: string;
  startedAt: Date;
  lastUpdatedAt: Date;
}

async function saveCheckpoint(checkpoint: ProcessingCheckpoint): Promise<void> {
  await prisma.$executeRaw`
    INSERT INTO processing_checkpoints (
      source_id, stage, last_completed_chunk_index, total_chunks,
      extracted_text, chunks_json, started_at, last_updated_at
    ) VALUES (
      ${checkpoint.sourceId}::uuid,
      ${checkpoint.stage},
      ${checkpoint.lastCompletedChunkIndex},
      ${checkpoint.totalChunks},
      ${checkpoint.extractedText ?? null},
      ${checkpoint.chunksJson ?? null},
      ${checkpoint.startedAt},
      ${checkpoint.lastUpdatedAt}
    )
    ON CONFLICT (source_id) DO UPDATE SET
      stage = EXCLUDED.stage,
      last_completed_chunk_index = EXCLUDED.last_completed_chunk_index,
      extracted_text = EXCLUDED.extracted_text,
      chunks_json = EXCLUDED.chunks_json,
      last_updated_at = EXCLUDED.last_updated_at
  `;
}

async function getCheckpoint(sourceId: string): Promise<ProcessingCheckpoint | null> {
  const results = await prisma.$queryRaw<ProcessingCheckpoint[]>`
    SELECT * FROM processing_checkpoints
    WHERE source_id = ${sourceId}::uuid
    LIMIT 1
  `;
  return results[0] || null;
}

Document Processing Queue

Document Queue Configuration

// quikadmin/src/queues/documentQueue.ts

export interface DocumentProcessingJob {
  documentId: string;
  userId: string;
  filePath: string;
  options?: {
    extractTables?: boolean;
    ocrEnabled?: boolean;
    language?: string;
    confidenceThreshold?: number;
  };
}

export const documentQueue = new Bull<DocumentProcessingJob>('document-processing', {
  redis: redisConfig,
  defaultJobOptions: {
    removeOnComplete: 100,
    removeOnFail: 50,
    attempts: 3,
    backoff: {
      type: 'exponential',
      delay: 2000,
    },
  },
});

Document Processing Job

documentQueue.process(async (job) => {
  const { documentId, filePath, options } = job.data;

  try {
    await job.progress(10);

    // Initialize services
    const parser = new DocumentParser();
    const extractor = new DataExtractor();
    const mapper = new FieldMapper();

    // Parse document
    await job.progress(30);
    const parsedContent = await parser.parse(filePath);

    // Extract data
    await job.progress(50);
    const extractedData = await extractor.extract(parsedContent);

    // Map fields
    await job.progress(70);
    const mappedFields = await mapper.mapFields(extractedData, []);

    await job.progress(100);

    return {
      documentId,
      status: 'completed',
      extractedData,
      mappedFields,
      processingTime: Date.now() - job.timestamp,
    };
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error(`Failed to process document ${documentId}:`, error);
    throw error;
  }
});

Batch Processing Queue

export interface BatchProcessingJob {
  documentIds: string[];
  userId: string;
  targetFormId?: string;
  options?: {
    parallel?: boolean;
    stopOnError?: boolean;
  };
}

export const batchQueue = new Bull<BatchProcessingJob>('batch-processing', {
  redis: redisConfig,
  defaultJobOptions: {
    removeOnComplete: 50,
    removeOnFail: 25,
    attempts: 2,
  },
});

batchQueue.process(async (job) => {
  const { documentIds, options } = job.data;
  const results = [];

  for (let i = 0; i < documentIds.length; i++) {
    const progress = Math.round((i / documentIds.length) * 100);
    await job.progress(progress);

    // Add individual document to processing queue
    const childJob = await documentQueue.add({
      documentId: documentIds[i],
      userId: job.data.userId,
      filePath: `pending`,
      options: {},
    });

    // Wait for completion if not parallel
    if (!options?.parallel) {
      const result = await childJob.finished();
      results.push(result);

      if (options?.stopOnError && result.status === 'failed') {
        break;
      }
    } else {
      results.push({ documentId: documentIds[i], jobId: childJob.id });
    }
  }

  await job.progress(100);

  return {
    batchId: job.id,
    documentsProcessed: results.length,
    results,
  };
});

Queue Health Monitoring

Basic Queue Health Check

export async function getQueueHealth() {
  const [waiting, active, completed, failed] = await Promise.all([
    myQueue.getWaitingCount(),
    myQueue.getActiveCount(),
    myQueue.getCompletedCount(),
    myQueue.getFailedCount(),
  ]);

  const isHealthy = active < 100 && waiting < 1000;

  return {
    queue: 'my-queue',
    waiting,
    active,
    completed,
    failed,
    isHealthy,
  };
}

Comprehensive Queue Metrics

export async function getQueueMetrics() {
  const [
    waiting,
    active,
    completed,
    failed,
    delayed,
    paused,
    jobs,
  ] = await Promise.all([
    myQueue.getWaitingCount(),
    myQueue.getActiveCount(),
    myQueue.getCompletedCount(),
    myQueue.getFailedCount(),
    myQueue.getDelayedCount(),
    myQueue.isPaused(),
    myQueue.getJobs(['waiting', 'active'], 0, 10), // Last 10 jobs
  ]);

  // Calculate average processing time
  const completedJobs = await myQueue.getCompleted(0, 100);
  const processingTimes = completedJobs
    .filter((job) => job.finishedOn && job.processedOn)
    .map((job) => job.finishedOn! - job.processedOn!);

  const avgProcessingTime =
    processingTimes.length > 0
      ? processingTimes.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / processingTimes.length
      : 0;

  // Calculate failure rate
  const total = completed + failed;
  const failureRate = total > 0 ? (failed / total) * 100 : 0;

  return {
    queue: 'my-queue',
    counts: { waiting, active, completed, failed, delayed },
    paused,
    avgProcessingTimeMs: Math.round(avgProcessingTime),
    failureRate: failureRate.toFixed(2) + '%',
    isHealthy: active < 100 && waiting < 1000 && failureRate < 5,
    recentJobs: jobs.map((job) => ({
      id: job.id,
      status: job.getState(),
      progress: job.progress(),
    })),
  };
}

Health Check Endpoint

// Express route
app.get('/api/health/queues', async (req, res) => {
  try {
    const [knowledgeHealth, ocrHealth, documentHealth] = await Promise.all([
      getKnowledgeQueueHealth(),
      getOCRQueueHealth(),
      getDocumentQueueHealth(),
    ]);

    const allHealthy =
      knowledgeHealth.isHealthy &&
      ocrHealth.isHealthy &&
      documentHealth.isHealthy;

    res.status(allHealthy ? 200 : 503).json({
      status: allHealthy ? 'healthy' : 'degraded',
      queues: {
        knowledge: knowledgeHealth,
        ocr: ocrHealth,
        document: documentHealth,
      },
      timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
    });
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error('Failed to get queue health', { error });
    res.status(500).json({ error: 'Failed to get queue health' });
  }
});

Automated Alerting

async function monitorQueueHealth() {
  setInterval(async () => {
    try {
      const health = await getQueueHealth();

      if (!health.isHealthy) {
        logger.warn('Queue unhealthy', health);

        // Send alert
        await sendAlert({
          level: 'warning',
          message: `Queue ${health.queue} unhealthy`,
          details: health,
        });
      }

      // Check for stuck jobs (active for > 30 minutes)
      const activeJobs = await myQueue.getActive();
      const now = Date.now();

      for (const job of activeJobs) {
        const activeTime = now - (job.processedOn || job.timestamp);

        if (activeTime > 30 * 60 * 1000) {
          logger.error('Job stuck', {
            jobId: job.id,
            activeTimeMs: activeTime,
          });

          await sendAlert({
            level: 'error',
            message: `Job ${job.id} stuck for ${Math.round(activeTime / 60000)} minutes`,
          });
        }
      }
    } catch (error) {
      logger.error('Queue monitoring failed', { error });
    }
  }, 60000); // Check every minute
}

// Start monitoring
monitorQueueHealth();

Graceful Shutdown

Basic Shutdown

let isShuttingDown = false;

export async function closeQueue(): Promise<void> {
  if (isShuttingDown) {
    return;
  }

  isShuttingDown = true;
  logger.info('Closing queue...');

  try {
    await myQueue.close();
    logger.info('Queue closed');
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error('Error closing queue', { error });
  }
}

// Register shutdown handlers
process.on('SIGTERM', closeQueue);
process.on('SIGINT', closeQueue);

Graceful Shutdown with Timeout

export async function closeQueueGracefully(timeoutMs: number = 30000): Promise<void> {
  logger.info('Starting graceful shutdown...');

  // Stop accepting new jobs
  await myQueue.pause();

  // Wait for active jobs to complete (with timeout)
  const startTime = Date.now();

  while (true) {
    const activeCount = await myQueue.getActiveCount();

    if (activeCount === 0) {
      logger.info('All active jobs completed');
      break;
    }

    const elapsed = Date.now() - startTime;

    if (elapsed > timeoutMs) {
      logger.warn('Shutdown timeout reached, forcing close', {
        activeJobs: activeCount,
      });
      break;
    }

    logger.info('Waiting for active jobs to complete', {
      activeJobs: activeCount,
      elapsedMs: elapsed,
    });

    await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 1000));
  }

  // Close queue
  await myQueue.close();
  logger.info('Queue closed gracefully');
}

process.on('SIGTERM', () => closeQueueGracefully(30000));

Multi-Queue Shutdown

import { knowledgeQueue, closeQueue as closeKnowledgeQueue } from './queues/knowledgeQueue';
import { ocrQueue, closeQueue as closeOCRQueue } from './queues/ocrQueue';
import { documentQueue, closeQueue as closeDocumentQueue } from './queues/documentQueue';

export async function closeAllQueues(): Promise<void> {
  logger.info('Closing all queues...');

  try {
    await Promise.all([
      closeKnowledgeQueue(),
      closeOCRQueue(),
      closeDocumentQueue(),
    ]);

    logger.info('All queues closed');
  } catch (error) {
    logger.error('Error closing queues', { error });
    throw error;
  }
}

// Express server shutdown
const server = app.listen(PORT, () => {
  logger.info(`Server running on port ${PORT}`);
});

process.on('SIGTERM', async () => {
  logger.info('SIGTERM received, shutting down...');

  // Close HTTP server
  server.close(async () => {
    logger.info('HTTP server closed');

    // Close queues
    await closeAllQueues();

    // Close database
    await prisma.$disconnect();

    logger.info('Shutdown complete');
    process.exit(0);
  });
});

Best Practices

1. Job Data Design

DO:

  • Keep job data small and JSON-serializable
  • Store large files on disk/S3, pass file paths
  • Use UUIDs for referencing database records
  • Include organizationId/userId for multi-tenancy

DON'T:

  • Store large binary data in job payload
  • Include sensitive credentials in job data
  • Use circular references in job objects
// ✅ GOOD
interface MyJob {
  documentId: string;      // Reference, not full document
  filePath: string;        // Path, not file contents
  userId: string;          // For tracking
  options: { language: string };
}

// ❌ BAD
interface MyJob {
  documentBuffer: Buffer;  // Too large for Redis
  password: string;        // Sensitive data exposed
  circularRef: MyJob;      // Not JSON-serializable
}

2. Concurrency Configuration

// CPU-intensive tasks: low concurrency
const CPU_INTENSIVE_CONCURRENCY = 2;

// I/O-bound tasks: higher concurrency
const IO_BOUND_CONCURRENCY = 10;

// Memory-intensive tasks: very low concurrency
const MEMORY_INTENSIVE_CONCURRENCY = 1;

ocrQueue.process(CPU_INTENSIVE_CONCURRENCY, processOCR);
apiQueue.process(IO_BOUND_CONCURRENCY, callAPI);
mlQueue.process(MEMORY_INTENSIVE_CONCURRENCY, trainModel);

3. Memory Management

// Check memory before processing
async function processJob(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  const memoryManager = getMemoryManager();

  // Check before starting
  await memoryManager.checkMemory();

  // Process in batches
  for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i += BATCH_SIZE) {
    const batch = items.slice(i, i + BATCH_SIZE);

    // Check memory before each batch
    await memoryManager.checkMemory();

    await processBatch(batch);

    // Allow GC between batches
    await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
  }

  return { success: true };
}

4. Error Classification

class RetryableError extends Error {
  constructor(message: string, public retryAfterMs?: number) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'RetryableError';
  }
}

class PermanentError extends Error {
  constructor(message: string, public code?: string) {
    super(message);
    this.name = 'PermanentError';
  }
}

async function processWithClassification(job: Job<MyJob>): Promise<JobResult> {
  try {
    return await doWork(job.data);
  } catch (error) {
    // Network/timeout errors - retry
    if (error instanceof NetworkError || error instanceof TimeoutError) {
      throw new RetryableError(error.message);
    }

    // Rate limit - retry with delay
    if (error instanceof RateLimitError) {
      throw new RetryableError(error.message, 60000); // Retry after 1 minute
    }

    // Validation errors - don't retry
    if (error instanceof ValidationError) {
      throw new PermanentError(error.message, 'VALIDATION_FAILED');
    }

    // Unknown errors - retry (cautiously)
    throw new RetryableError(`Unknown error: ${error.message}`);
  }
}

5. Logging Standards

// At job start
logger.info('Job started', {
  jobId: job.id,
  type: job.data.type,
  userId: job.data.userId,
  organizationId: job.data.organizationId,
});

// At key stages
logger.info('Job stage completed', {
  jobId: job.id,
  stage: 'extraction',
  itemsProcessed: 100,
});

// On error
logger.error('Job failed', {
  jobId: job.id,
  error: error.message,
  stack: error.stack,
  attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
  attemptsTotal: job.opts.attempts,
});

// On completion
logger.info('Job completed', {
  jobId: job.id,
  processingTimeMs: Date.now() - startTime,
  stats: { itemsProcessed: 100, errors: 0 },
});

6. Testing Queue Jobs

// Test job processing logic directly (without Bull)
describe('processJob', () => {
  it('should process job successfully', async () => {
    const mockJob = {
      id: '123',
      data: { documentId: 'doc-1', userId: 'user-1' },
      progress: jest.fn(),
      attemptsMade: 0,
      opts: { attempts: 3 },
    } as any;

    const result = await processJob(mockJob);

    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
    expect(mockJob.progress).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ percentage: 100 });
  });

  it('should handle errors gracefully', async () => {
    const mockJob = {
      id: '123',
      data: { documentId: 'invalid' },
    } as any;

    await expect(processJob(mockJob)).rejects.toThrow();
  });
});

Testing Queues

Unit Testing Job Processors

import { Job } from 'bull';
import { processJob } from '../workers/myWorker';

describe('processJob', () => {
  let mockJob: Partial<Job>;

  beforeEach(() => {
    mockJob = {
      id: '123',
      data: {
        documentId: 'doc-1',
        userId: 'user-1',
        filePath: '/path/to/file.pdf',
      },
      progress: jest.fn(),
      attemptsMade: 0,
      opts: { attempts: 3 },
      timestamp: Date.now(),
    };
  });

  it('should process job successfully', async () => {
    const result = await processJob(mockJob as Job);

    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
    expect(result.processingTimeMs).toBeGreaterThan(0);
    expect(mockJob.progress).toHaveBeenCalled();
  });

  it('should report progress at each stage', async () => {
    await processJob(mockJob as Job);

    expect(mockJob.progress).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
      expect.objectContaining({ percentage: 10 })
    );
    expect(mockJob.progress).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
      expect.objectContaining({ percentage: 100 })
    );
  });

  it('should handle errors and throw', async () => {
    mockJob.data!.documentId = 'invalid';

    await expect(processJob(mockJob as Job)).rejects.toThrow();
  });
});

Integration Testing with Bull

import Bull from 'bull';
import { myQueue } from '../queues/myQueue';

describe('myQueue integration', () => {
  let testQueue: Bull.Queue;

  beforeAll(async () => {
    // Use test Redis database
    testQueue = new Bull('test-queue', {
      redis: {
        host: 'localhost',
        port: 6379,
        db: 15, // Use separate DB for tests
      },
    });

    // Start processor
    testQueue.process(async (job) => {
      return { success: true, data: job.data };
    });
  });

  afterAll(async () => {
    await testQueue.close();
  });

  afterEach(async () => {
    // Clean up jobs after each test
    await testQueue.empty();
  });

  it('should process a job end-to-end', async () => {
    const job = await testQueue.add({ test: 'data' });

    const result = await job.finished();

    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
    expect(result.data.test).toBe('data');
  });

  it('should retry failed jobs', async () => {
    let attempts = 0;

    testQueue.process(async (job) => {
      attempts++;
      if (attempts < 3) {
        throw new Error('Simulated failure');
      }
      return { success: true, attempts };
    });

    const job = await testQueue.add(
      { test: 'retry' },
      { attempts: 3, backoff: { type: 'fixed', delay: 100 } }
    );

    const result = await job.finished();

    expect(result.attempts).toBe(3);
  });
});

Testing Queue Health

import { getQueueHealth } from '../queues/myQueue';

describe('getQueueHealth', () => {
  it('should return queue metrics', async () => {
    const health = await getQueueHealth();

    expect(health).toHaveProperty('queue');
    expect(health).toHaveProperty('waiting');
    expect(health).toHaveProperty('active');
    expect(health).toHaveProperty('completed');
    expect(health).toHaveProperty('failed');
    expect(health).toHaveProperty('isHealthy');
  });

  it('should mark queue as unhealthy when overloaded', async () => {
    // Add 200 jobs to simulate overload
    for (let i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
      await myQueue.add({ test: i });
    }

    const health = await getQueueHealth();

    expect(health.isHealthy).toBe(false);
  });
});

Troubleshooting

Redis Connection Issues

Symptom: Jobs not processing, "Connection refused" errors

Diagnosis:

# Check Redis is running
redis-cli ping
# Should return: PONG

# Check Redis connection from Node.js
node -e "const redis = require('redis'); const client = redis.createClient(); client.on('connect', () => console.log('Connected')); client.on('error', (err) => console.error(err));"

Solutions:

  1. Start Redis: redis-server
  2. Check REDIS_URL environment variable
  3. Verify Redis password (if configured)
  4. Check firewall/network settings

Jobs Stuck in "Active" State

Symptom: Jobs show as active but never complete

Diagnosis:

// Check for stalled jobs
const stalledJobs = await myQueue.getActive();
console.log('Active jobs:', stalledJobs.length);

for (const job of stalledJobs) {
  const activeTime = Date.now() - (job.processedOn || job.timestamp);
  console.log(`Job ${job.id}: active for ${activeTime}ms`);
}

Solutions:

  1. Increase lockDuration and lockRenewTime
  2. Check for worker crashes (logs)
  3. Manually clean stalled jobs:
await myQueue.clean(5000, 'active'); // Clean jobs active > 5s

Memory Leaks in Workers

Symptom: Worker memory usage grows over time

Diagnosis:

// Monitor memory in worker
setInterval(() => {
  const usage = process.memoryUsage();
  console.log('Memory:', {
    rss: `${Math.round(usage.rss / 1024 / 1024)}MB`,
    heapUsed: `${Math.round(usage.heapUsed / 1024 / 1024)}MB`,
  });
}, 60000);

Solutions:

  1. Process items in batches with setImmediate() breaks
  2. Close/cleanup services after each job
  3. Restart worker periodically (PM2 max_memory_restart)
  4. Use --max-old-space-size Node.js flag

Queue Growing Too Fast

Symptom: Waiting job count increases rapidly

Diagnosis:

const health = await getQueueHealth();
console.log('Waiting:', health.waiting);
console.log('Active:', health.active);

// Calculate processing rate
const completedCount = await myQueue.getCompletedCount();
// Wait 1 minute
await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 60000));
const newCompletedCount = await myQueue.getCompletedCount();
const jobsPerMinute = newCompletedCount - completedCount;
console.log('Processing rate:', jobsPerMinute, 'jobs/minute');

Solutions:

  1. Increase worker concurrency
  2. Scale horizontally (more worker instances)
  3. Optimize job processing time
  4. Add job prioritization
  5. Implement rate limiting on job creation

Failed Jobs Not Retrying

Symptom: Jobs fail but don't retry

Diagnosis:

const failedJobs = await myQueue.getFailed();
for (const job of failedJobs) {
  console.log(`Job ${job.id}:`, {
    attemptsMade: job.attemptsMade,
    attemptsTotal: job.opts.attempts,
    failedReason: job.failedReason,
  });
}

Solutions:

  1. Check attempts configuration in defaultJobOptions
  2. Ensure error is thrown (not caught and silenced)
  3. Check for PermanentError vs RetryableError
  4. Manually retry: await job.retry()

Related Documentation

Last Updated: 2025-12-12 Skill Version: 1.0.0 Maintained By: IntelliFill Team